IELTS vs TOEFL: Which English Test is Right for You?
For international students aspiring to study in Australia, demonstrating English proficiency is a crucial step. Two of the most widely recognised English language tests are the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) and the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). Both are accepted by Australian universities and immigration authorities, but they differ significantly in format, scoring, and emphasis. Understanding these differences is key to choosing the test that best suits your individual skills and learning style.
This article provides a detailed comparison of IELTS and TOEFL, helping you make an informed decision about which test is right for you.
1. Test Format and Structure
One of the most significant differences between IELTS and TOEFL lies in their format. IELTS features a mix of question types and assesses both British and American English, while TOEFL primarily uses multiple-choice questions and focuses on North American English.
IELTS Format
The IELTS test has two modules: Academic and General Training. For university admissions, the Academic module is typically required. The test comprises four sections:
Listening (30 minutes): Features four sections of audio recordings, including monologues and conversations. Questions include multiple choice, matching, form completion, and sentence completion.
Reading (60 minutes): Includes three long reading passages with questions similar to the listening section. The passages are taken from academic journals, books, and magazines.
Writing (60 minutes): Consists of two tasks. Task 1 requires describing a graph, chart, or diagram, while Task 2 involves writing an essay in response to a given argument or problem.
Speaking (11-14 minutes): A face-to-face interview with an examiner. It includes an introduction, an individual long turn, and a discussion.
A key characteristic of IELTS is the face-to-face speaking test, which some test-takers find more natural and less intimidating than speaking to a computer.
TOEFL iBT Format
The TOEFL iBT (Internet-Based Test) is administered online and assesses English proficiency in an academic context. It also has four sections:
Reading (54-72 minutes): Includes three or four academic passages, each followed by multiple-choice questions. Questions test comprehension, vocabulary, and inference skills.
Listening (41-57 minutes): Features lectures and conversations, followed by multiple-choice questions. Note-taking is permitted during the listening section.
Speaking (17 minutes): Consists of four tasks. Two independent tasks require speaking about familiar topics, and two integrated tasks require speaking about information from reading and listening passages.
Writing (50 minutes): Includes two tasks. One integrated task requires writing a response based on reading and listening passages, and one independent task requires writing an essay in response to a given topic.
TOEFL iBT emphasises integrated skills, requiring test-takers to combine reading, listening, speaking, and writing in several tasks. The entire test is computer-based, including the speaking section, which is recorded and evaluated by examiners.
2. Scoring Systems and Reporting
IELTS and TOEFL use different scoring scales and reporting methods. Understanding these differences can help you interpret your results and compare them to university requirements.
IELTS Scoring
IELTS uses a band score system ranging from 0 to 9, with 0 indicating 'Did not attempt the test' and 9 indicating 'Expert user'. Each section (Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking) receives a band score, and an overall band score is calculated as the average of the four section scores. Scores are reported in whole and half bands (e.g., 6.0, 6.5, 7.0). Many Australian universities require an IELTS score of 6.5 or higher, with no band score lower than 6.0.
TOEFL iBT Scoring
TOEFL iBT is scored out of 120, with each section (Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing) contributing 30 points. Scores are reported as a total score and individual section scores. Most Australian universities require a TOEFL iBT score of 80 or higher, with minimum scores in each section. Refer to the specific university's requirements for details.
Comparing Scores
It's important to note that IELTS and TOEFL scores are not directly comparable. While conversion tables exist, they provide only a general indication. Always refer to the specific score requirements of the universities you are applying to. You can learn more about Pcat and how we can help you understand these requirements.
3. Acceptance by Australian Universities
Both IELTS and TOEFL are widely accepted by Australian universities. However, it's crucial to check the specific requirements of each institution, as minimum score requirements may vary. Some departments or programmes may also have higher requirements than the university's overall minimum.
Most Australian universities accept the Academic version of IELTS. For TOEFL, they accept the iBT version. It's always recommended to visit the university's website or contact their admissions office to confirm the accepted tests and required scores. You should also confirm that your test results are valid at the time of application; test scores are usually valid for two years.
4. Preparation Resources and Strategies
Effective preparation is essential for achieving a good score on either IELTS or TOEFL. Numerous resources are available, including official practice materials, online courses, and test preparation centres. The best approach depends on your individual learning style and strengths.
IELTS Preparation
Official IELTS Practice Materials: Cambridge Assessment English publishes official practice books with authentic test papers.
Online Courses: Many online platforms offer IELTS preparation courses, including interactive lessons, practice tests, and feedback from experienced instructors.
Test Preparation Centres: Local test preparation centres provide structured courses and personalised guidance.
Focus Areas: Practice listening to a variety of accents, improve your essay writing skills, and develop strategies for managing your time during the reading and listening sections.
TOEFL iBT Preparation
Official TOEFL iBT Practice Tests: ETS (Educational Testing Service), the maker of TOEFL, provides official practice tests and resources.
Online Courses: Online platforms offer TOEFL iBT preparation courses with video lessons, practice questions, and simulated tests.
Test Preparation Centres: Local test preparation centres offer TOEFL iBT courses with experienced instructors.
Focus Areas: Improve your note-taking skills, practice speaking in response to academic prompts, and develop strategies for answering multiple-choice questions quickly and accurately.
Consider what Pcat offers in terms of test preparation and guidance.
5. Cost and Availability
The cost and availability of IELTS and TOEFL vary depending on the location and test centre. It's important to check the official websites for the most up-to-date information.
IELTS Cost and Availability
The IELTS test fee in Australia is approximately AUD 375. Tests are offered frequently throughout the year at various locations. You can register for the test online through the official IELTS website or through authorised test centres.
TOEFL iBT Cost and Availability
The TOEFL iBT test fee in Australia is approximately USD 265 (converted to AUD at the time of registration). Tests are offered frequently throughout the year at various locations. You can register for the test online through the official TOEFL website.
Key Considerations
Registration Deadlines: Register well in advance of your desired test date, as spaces can fill up quickly.
Cancellation Policies: Familiarise yourself with the cancellation policies in case you need to reschedule your test.
- Test Centre Locations: Choose a test centre that is convenient for you.
Choosing between IELTS and TOEFL is a personal decision. Consider your strengths, learning style, and the specific requirements of the universities you are applying to. By carefully evaluating the format, scoring, acceptance, preparation resources, cost, and availability of each test, you can make an informed decision and increase your chances of success. If you have frequently asked questions, check out our FAQ page.